As countries prepare for COP31 in Turkey, China is expected to focus on defending multilateral climate cooperation and turning existing commitments into action. Experts consulted by Carbon Brief also point to climate finance, trade barriers and the international spread of clean technologies as key issues for Beijing.
At COP30, China helped secure a dialogue on climate-related unilateral trade measures and a two-year work programme on climate finance. It also promoted South-South cooperation and co-led a methane summit with Brazil and the UK. In a recent press conference, environment vice-minister Li Gao called for a united political signal on climate action and an open, efficient trade system that supports clean-energy technology adoption.
Several experts expect China to seek clearer delivery of climate finance, including support for adaptation, and practical help implementing national climate pledges. Beijing has continued to argue that developed countries should lead on climate finance. One expert suggested China may let other developing nations press that case while taking a broker role in negotiations.
Trade is another anticipated priority. Experts say China may push for fewer barriers to low-carbon products and greater attention to trade within the climate talks. They will be watching whether countries can resolve disagreements while keeping clean technologies affordable and accessible, and whether China signals support for cooperation that includes local manufacturing, joint ventures and technology sharing.
China’s position on electrification could also be significant. The country’s strengths in renewables, electric vehicles, batteries and grid infrastructure could benefit from wider adoption of these technologies. However, experts say it remains uncertain whether Beijing will support linking electrification targets to cleaner power grids or commitments to move away from fossil fuels.
Other areas to watch include methane and other non-CO2 greenhouse gases, a just transition, and China’s willingness to take on greater responsibility for climate ambition, potentially through voluntary finance. One expert said China could play a bigger role in discussions on moving away from fossil fuels, while another questioned whether Beijing would focus more on promoting its clean-tech exports than on accelerating adoption of green technologies at home.
Sources: Carbon Brief.